EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF NONI FRUIT (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L) AS AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY IN MALE WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) INDUCED WITH COMPLETE FREUND'S ADJUVANT (CFA)

MEGA HAYATI (2024) EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF NONI FRUIT (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L) AS AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY IN MALE WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) INDUCED WITH COMPLETE FREUND'S ADJUVANT (CFA) , TESIS, UNIVERSITAS PRIMA INDONESIA

ABSTRAK

The immune system reacts to pathogens and damaged tissues by triggering inflammation. There are anti-inflammatory substances in noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L), including scopoletin, flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and dosage of ethanol extract of noni fruit as an anti-inflammatory agent in reducing edema volume and improving the histopathological appearance of joint tissue in male rats induced with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). This research method is experimental and involves 30 test animals induced with 0.1 ml of CFA (except for the normal control). The test preparations consist of ethanol extract of noni fruit administered for 15 days, with the measurement of rat foot edema volume taken every day starting from day 0 before treatment and subsequently on days 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, and 31. The study includes six treatment groups: normal control group: without treatment, negative control group: induced with CFA only, positive control group: induced with CFA and administered intramuscular triamcinolone injection at 0,72 mg, dose I group: induced with CFA and administered noni fruit ethanol extract at 150 mg/200 g body weight, dose II group: induced with CFA and administered noni fruit ethanol extract at 300 mg/200 g body weight and dose III group: induced with CFA and administered noni fruit ethanol extract at 600 mg/200 g body weight. The parameters observed include the reduction in rat foot edema volume measured using a plethysmometer and the improvement of joint tissue histopathology in rats, which is later analyzed using SPSS. The results of the study indicate that the ethanol extract of noni fruit provides anti-inflammatory effects but not as effective as triamcinolone administration. The effective dose of noni fruit in reducing edema volume is 600 mg/200 g body weight. Meanwhile, in the histopathological observations (except for the normal control and positive control), there was infiltration of inflammatory cells in the rat joint tissue, consisting of lymphocyte inflammatory cell infiltrates, plasma cells, and histiocyte granuloma structures accompanied by many nuclei-rich cells and synovial hyperplasia. This indicates that the ethanol extract of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) cannot improve the histopathological appearance of joint tissue in rats induced with CFA.

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