ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF RAMBUTAN PEEL EXTRACTS (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L.) BASED ON PARTICLES STRUCTURES

KELVIN, NGUYEN PHUC GIA BAO, PHAM CONG TIEN DUNG (2022) ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF RAMBUTAN PEEL EXTRACTS (NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM L.) BASED ON PARTICLES STRUCTURES , SKRIPSI, UNIVERSITAS PRIMA INDONESIA

ABSTRAK

 Oral biofilm containing microorganisms is responsible for various oral infections and inflammatory diseases. Antibacterial substances found in plants have been subject to extensive investigation in recent years. Rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceum L) received much attention due to its bioactive compounds. Rambutan peel extracts (RPEs) have better antimicrobial potential than other parts as it consists lots of phytochemical components. Nanoparticle is used as an alternative in developing antimicrobial drugs to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of drugs. The aimed of this research is to analyze the efficacy of rambutan peel extracts in micro and nano sizes against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. The particle size distribution for rambutan extract with microparticles was measured at 2489 nm, and the nanoparticle was 7,491 nm. Subsequently, the active compound screening was carried out with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antibacterial activity tests were performed with the disc diffusion method. The results demonstrates that the data were normally distributed (p>0.05), and homogenous (p>0.05). The ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey HSD test showed a significant difference in the effectiveness of rambutan peel extract in three particle size groups (microparticles 6.25 mg/ml, microparticles 25 mg/ml, and nanoparticles) against S. mutans bacteria (p<0.05). Likewise, for S aureus bacteria, there was a significant difference between rambutan peel extract with microparticle size of 6.25 mg/ml (12.83 ± 1.532) compared to nanoparticles (16.25 ± 1.529). We concluded that Ho was rejected, this study showed rambutan peel is more effective in inhibiting S. aureus compared to S. mutans.

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